What is cystitis and what causes it? What are the symptoms of cystitis? Cystitis, which means inflammation of the urinary tract, is one of the most common diseases in the urinary tract and reproductive system. Cystitis occurs in at least 20 percent of women at least once in their lifetime. Cystitis, a disease that can spread to the kidneys if left untreated, can cause permanent damage to the bladder and kidneys. Here, we will explain the causes, symptoms, and treatment methods of cystitis in the text below.
What Is Cystitis?
inflammation of the urinary tract is called cystitis. Cystitis, which is usually seen in women, is the most common cause of the disease when bacteria enter and multiply in the urinary bladder. Some drugs, radiation, chemicals, diaphragm used as a birth control method in women, hormone changes during pregnancy, menopause, and inability to urinate (blockage, prostate gland enlargement, and kidney stone) can cause cystitis.
Cystitis Causes
Bacteria normally live in the reproductive organs and anus. Sometimes these bacteria cross the lower urinary tract and reach the bladder. Bacteria that reach the bladder are expelled by urination. However, if the number of bacteria coming to the bladder is more than the discarded, they cause inflammation in the bladder and later in the kidneys. Transmission can occur during sexual intercourse or when genital cleansing is low and as a result of prolonged urinary retention, urinary tract contraction diseases, and low estrogen levels in menopause. In women, the urethra is much shorter than that of men, so it is easier for bacteria to reach the bladder from the outside. Therefore, the incidence of cystitis in women is much higher. At least 20 percent of women have cystitis once in their lifetime. The most common cause of cystitis is Escherichia coli (E.coli ) microorganism. This bacterium can be found normally in the large intestine and can reach the bladder through sexual intercourse.
Cystitis Symptoms
- Burning and draining while and after urinating
- Frequent urination,
- Pain in the groin,
- Fever,
- Sweating,
- Tiredness,
- Cloudy urine,
- Blood in urine,
- Vomiting and nausea,
- Pain during sexual intercourse.
Cystitis Diagnosis
A urologist can diagnose based on the description of the complaints and the tests. These tests include urine analysis, cystoscopy (observation of the urethra and bladder with a special instrument), and a special x-ray called intravenous phylogram. These examinations are performed to investigate the factors that predispose to infection. A urine culture may also be required to identify the bacterium that causes the infection. Cystitis is not s significant disease if treated promptly and appropriately. If cystitis and its causes are not treated, it will become chronic.
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Cystitis Treatment
Cystitis is treated with antibiotics. Before starting treatment, samples should be taken for urine culture and antibiogram. Treatment may be prolonged in chronic infections.
