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Diseases & Conditions

What Is Epilepsy?

What Is Epilepsy? Epilepsy is a neurological disorder in which epileptic seizures are observed. Seizures in epilepsy occur as a result of transient abnormal electricity dissipation in brain cells. Each person with seizures is not a person with epilepsy.

Epilepsy is the most common neurological disorder in both childhood and adults. Epilepsy is a disease that affects about 1% of the world’s population. This disease, which is seen equally in men and women, is may be seen in every age group, but it is mostly seen in the youngest and the oldest group. Epilepsy which requires long-term treatment and it affects the quality of life. In this article, we will explain the causes and diagnosis of epilepsy with giving advice for people who need to help a patient having a seizure.

Causes of Epilepsy

Epilepsy is the most common in childhood and may develop as a result of some diseases and external factors. These are;

  • Brain damage or lack of oxygen at birth,
  • Tumors, meningitis, and inflammation occurring in the brain,
  • Developmental disorders of brain tissues and vessels,
  • Head injury,
  • Disorders of chromosomes in genes,
  • Childhood convulsion,
  • Some of the diseases experienced by the mother during pregnancy.

With proper treatment, seizures are controlled in the majority of patients, and so the patient maintains his normal life. You should know that epilepsy is a treatable disorder. Therefore, it is very essential to control seizures. Besides, epilepsy surgery is performed for patients who are resistant to drug treatment and patients who cannot tolerate antiepileptic drug treatment due to side effects.

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Diagnosing Epilepsy

The distractions and seizures of the person, how long it lasts and how often it is experienced should be informed to the doctor properly because all this information is important clues for the methods used for the definitive diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Then, CT is performed and a proper diagnosis is made. The most important clues in the diagnosis are the information you and your seizure have given. Some information about the seizure that may help your doctor to diagnose;

  • How did you feel before the seizure? (hunger, various feelings, sleep, etc.)
  • What were you doing at that time?
  • Did you feel various symptoms? (nausea, dizziness, chest pain) are asked to differentiate some diseases such as heart disease, migraine, panic attack, fainting.
  • Have you taken any medication or alcohol before the seizure?
  • Do you remember anything related to the seizure?
  • Have you had any complaints such as tongue biting or urinary incontinence?
  • Did you fall down and injure yourself?
  • How many seizures did you have?
  • Are there other factors that might trigger epilepsy? (head trauma, family history of epilepsy, previous seizures, etc.)

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How to Help Someone Having a Seizure

Epilepsy seizure will cause the body to jerk and shake. If you see someone having a seizure, you need to minimize further injury. You have to remove sharp, sharp, hard objects that could cause harm to the patient. The patient should breathe properly, Seizures generally ends in one or two minutes. If the patient is vomiting and in the supine position, you should turn the patient sideways. If the seizure lasts more than two minutes, you need to call an ambulance.

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